{"id":58,"date":"2016-06-15T22:32:30","date_gmt":"2016-06-15T22:32:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/?page_id=58"},"modified":"2016-06-20T22:34:16","modified_gmt":"2016-06-20T22:34:16","slug":"fire-management","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/fire-management\/","title":{"rendered":"Fire Management"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- Image of resource --><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"resource-image\" src=\"..\/wp-content\/images\/resources\/fire management-Wasatch Mtns..jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Wildfire is the most prevalent natural disturbance in the State of Utah, and it affects biotic communities statewide. It is an integral component of our forest, range, and desert lands and affects thousands of acres on an annual basis.<\/p>\n<p>Related resources for County planning include the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"..\/forest-management\/\" target=\"_blank\">Forest Management<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"..\/noxious-weeds\/\" target=\"_blank\">Noxious Weeds<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"..\/air\/\" target=\"_blank\">Air Quality<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"omsc-accordion\">\n<p><!-- Map --><br \/>\n<div class=\"omsc-toggle omsc-expanded\"><div class=\"omsc-toggle-title\">Map of Data<\/div><div class=\"omsc-toggle-inner\" style=\"display:block\">\n<div class=\"invisible\">\n<table id=\"tablepress-64\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-64\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">url<\/th><th class=\"column-2\">useLayers<\/th><th class=\"column-3\">startVisible<\/th><th class=\"column-4\">rasterName<\/th><th class=\"column-5\">imageServer<\/th><th class=\"column-6\">resourceReference<\/th><th class=\"column-7\">DisplayOrder<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">http:\/\/wildfire.cr.usgs.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/firehistory\/Mapserver<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">7,6<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">n,n<\/td><td class=\"column-4\"><\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">ref-FireManagement<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">http:\/\/maps.ffsl.utah.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/Fire\/FireHistory\/MapServer<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">0,1<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">n,n<\/td><td class=\"column-4\"><\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">ref-FireManagement<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">http:\/\/gis.wfrc.org\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/CRMP\/FireManagement_Service\/MapServer<\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><\/td><td class=\"column-3\">n<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Fire Regime Group<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">ref-FireManagement<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">http:\/\/wildfire.cr.usgs.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/geomac_fires\/FeatureServer<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1,2,3,4<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">n,n,n,n<\/td><td class=\"column-4\"><\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">ref-FireManagement<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">http:\/\/maps.ffsl.utah.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/Fire\/FireRiskIndex\/MapServer<\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><\/td><td class=\"column-3\">y<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Fire Risk<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><\/td><td class=\"column-6\">ref-FireManagement<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-64 from cache --><\/div>\n<div id=\"mapArea\"><\/div>\n<p><script src=\"..\/wp-content\/maps\/js\/setupMap.min.js\" type=\"text\/javascript\"><\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"layerName\"><strong>LAYER NAME TRANSLATION (alphabetical)<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>US 130FRG<\/strong>= LANDFIRE Fire Regime Groups.<\/div>\n<p><a title=\"undefined\" href=\"..\/wp-content\/mxds\/FireManagement.zip\" target=\"_blank\">Download mxd<\/a> The\u00a0ESRI mxd file of the services used to create the above map.\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The GeoMAC data is live data about current large fires. In the map these layers have the names Large Fire Points, Fire Perimeters, Modis Thermal Satellite, and Inactive Fire Perimeters.<\/span><br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><!-- Resource Information --><br \/>\n<div class=\"omsc-toggle\"><div class=\"omsc-toggle-title\">Resource Information<\/div><div class=\"omsc-toggle-inner\">\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\nWildfire is the most prevalent natural disturbance in the State of Utah, and it affects biotic communities statewide. It is an integral component of our forest, range, and desert lands and affects thousands of acres on an annual basis. Below is a compilation of Utah wildland fire statistics for the latest 5 years (see table below).<a href=\"#ref\">[1]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Burn Locations data (points) and the Burn Areas data (polygons) contains past fires (fire history) for Utah. These data layers can be used to identify areas of the county that historically have had many wildland fires. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Response to fire incidents relies on proper oversight, guidance, and partnership among a variety of trained professional organizations. Establishing a fire management system is a critical \u00a0step in protecting communities both urban and rural. Fire management refers to the principles and actions to control, extinguish, use, or influence fire for the protection or enhancement of resources as it pertains to wildlands. It involves a multiple-objective approach strategy including ecosystem restoration, community preparedness, and wildfire response.<a href=\"#ref\">[2]<\/a> Wildfires do not adhere to political boundaries, and cooperation among different agencies and jurisdictions covering federal, state, county, municipal, and rural\/ volunteer fire departments is essential for successful fire management response. In Utah the state legislature tasked the Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands to devise a Comprehensive Statewide Wildland Fire Prevention, Preparedness, and Suppression policy known as SB-56.<a href=\"#ref\">[3]<\/a> Under this plan a master cooperative wildland fire management and Stafford Act response agreement is signed each year between numerous federal land management agencies and the State of Utah for cooperation during wildland fire incidents that occur throughout the state.<a href=\"#ref\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<span id=\"tablepress-51-description\" class=\"tablepress-table-description tablepress-table-description-id-51\">Wildland fire statistics for the latest 5 years.<\/span>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-51\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-51\" aria-describedby=\"tablepress-51-description\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">Year<\/th><th class=\"column-2\">Total Number of Fires<\/th><th class=\"column-3\">% of Fires on Federal Lands<\/th><th class=\"column-4\">% of Fires on State or Private Lands<\/th><th class=\"column-5\">Total Acres Burned<\/th><th class=\"column-6\">% of Acres Burned on Federal Lands<\/th><th class=\"column-7\">% of Acres Burned on State or Private Lands<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">2014<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1,035<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">51%<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">49%<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">28,255<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">76%<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">24%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">2013<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1,276<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">60%<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">40%<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">70,282<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">69%<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">31%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">2012<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1,534<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">57%<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">43%<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">415,267<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">68%<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">32%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">2011<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1,102<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">57%<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">43%<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">62,783<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">61%<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">39%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">2010<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1,050<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">55%<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">45%<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">64,781<\/td><td class=\"column-6\">85%<\/td><td class=\"column-7\">15%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-51 from cache -->\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><!-- Best Management Practices --><br \/>\n<div class=\"omsc-toggle\"><div class=\"omsc-toggle-title\">Best Management Practices<\/div><div class=\"omsc-toggle-inner\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This section of the report outlines the many aspects regarding fire management including, fire resource descriptions, \u00a0impact considerations, best management practices (BMPs), economic considerations, supporting fire data useful for county services, and relevant fire agency contact information.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Firefighting Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Response to a wildland fire can involve a basic monitoring status placed on a remote wilderness fire, or involve multiple agencies overseen by an incident-management team encompassing hundreds of firefighters to manage. A basic overview of how a wildland fire is fought in the state can be found<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/ffsl.utah.gov\/index.php\/fire\/how-is-wildfire-fought-in-utah\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">here<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ultimately, once a fire is reported it is often forwarded from \u00a0a local 911 dispatch center to the Northern Utah Interagency Fire Center (NUIFC). This multi-agency organization is tasked with keeping track of wildland firefighting resources throughout northern Utah and coordinating the response of resources to wildfire incidents throughout the their area of coverage.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Numerous personnel are trained to respond to wildfires throughout Utah and the services they provide are dependent upon the role of their organization as assigned during an incident. At a basic level, firefighting resources can be grouped into two broad categories, ground resources and air resources. Often times both types of resources are dispatched to a fire. Below is a brief outline of the available resources for each category.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ground Resources: Federal and State<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are two main firefighting groups that fall within this category; they include handcrews and engines. Handcrews are specifically trained to fight wildfires. They often consist of 18\u201320 individuals who are responsible for constructing firelines. Hand crews use tools such as scrapes, pulaskis, chainsaws, and shovels to stop fire spread. They are also well trained to execute backfire operations to stop fire spread. Many supervisors of handcrews are qualified to be incident commanders and be in charge of protecting property and infrastructure (e.g., homes and buildings) and for implementing overall plans to extinguish fire.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wildland engines are specially equipped fire engines, often with all-terrain capabilities, to transport water to firelines. Engine crews consist of 3\u20135 individuals that use hoses, pumps, and provide water support to extinguish fires. They can also be used to construct firelines. Engine resources are categorized by size and water capacity, ranging from type 6 (which hold 150\u2013400 gallons) to type 3 (which hold 500+ gallons).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both handcrews and engine crews are sponsored by federal land management agencies the US Forest Service, US Bureau of Land Management, US National Park Service, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and the US Bureau of Indian Affairs. Although crews are attached to particular National Forests, wildlife refuges, etc., almost all are are considered national resources and may be dispatched to fires all across the country. For example, federal firefighters based outside of Utah can be sent to fight fires in Utah.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to having access to federal crews, the State of Utah trains and provides both handcrews and engine crews that can be used both in Utah and also dispatched nationally through a cooperative agreement with other agencies. In northern Utah, the<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/lonepeak.utah.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lone Peak Conservation Center<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, located in Draper, hosts two \u201chotshot\u201d (or elite) handcrews, two type II handcrews, as well as one type 3 engine. Both Utah County and Weber County host their own handcrews. Assisting with fire prevention as well as suppression are county fire wardens who work for the Utah Department of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Links to local firefighting organizations:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Federal<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fs.usda.gov\/detail\/uwcnf\/landmanagement\/resourcemanagement\/?cid=stelprdb5093038\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest Fire Management<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blm.gov\/ut\/st\/en\/fo\/salt_lake\/fire.html\" target=\"_blank\">US Bureau of Land Management-Salt Lake District Fire Management<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ffsl.utah.gov\/index.php\/fire\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/forestry.usu.edu\/htm\/forest-fire\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utah State University Extension<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.utahfireinfo.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\">UtahFireInfo<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Ground Resources: County, Municipal, and Rural<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Primarily responsible for structure and accident response, city and town fire departments also provide wildland training and are often the first responders to fires in the urban-interface within incorporated municipalities. These resources are often assigned to structure protection operations, or utilize hose\/water capabilities to create wetlines to keep fire from spreading into neighborhoods. It is not uncommon along the Wasatch Front to see municipal and specific wildland fire trained units working on a wildfire together. In rural, unincorporated areas, volunteer fire departments (VFDs) are often the first on the scene to local wildfires and have varying levels of wildland fire training depending on the outfit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Joint Cooperation<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/gacc.nifc.gov\/gbcc\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Great Basin Fire Coordination Center<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/gacc.nifc.gov\/gbcc\/dispatch\/ut-nuc\/\" target=\"_blank\">Northern Utah Interagency Fire Center<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Air Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Often assigned to scout for new fires following lightning events, tracking active fire perimeters, or assisting ground resources with water or fire retardant drops, air resources include either airplanes or helicopters. Airplanes range from single-engine air tankers that deliver small fire retardant loads to large retardant bombers. In remote inaccessible terrain, smokejumpers can be delivered via air to put out a fire. Helicopters are most often used to ferry supplies to crews and to deliver water drops using specially designed buckets. Helitack crews are specially trained to be transported to fires by helicopter and perform fire suppression duties as well as man helicopter stations on larger fire incidents.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hazard and Risk Reduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pre-suppression<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Public education, outreach, informing the public of how to be firewise<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Connecting professionals (e.g., country fire wardens and state foresters) with landowners who need assistance in obtaining grants and other resources for implementing defensible space around their properties<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The creation of defensible space around homes, outbuildings, campgrounds<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fuel load reduction projects through thinning, harvesting, and other mechanical means<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utilizing prescribed fire under the appropriate conditions to remove hazardous fuels<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Implement efforts to maintain or create healthy landscapes and ecosystems focused on native vegetation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Have \u00a0comprehensive wildland fire emergency response plans and share with the community<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify high-wildland fire hazard zones per county<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adoption of wildland-urban interface (WUI) building ordinances to reduce fire risk<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proactive outreach to citizens occupying WUI on preparing for wildfire event<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Include municipal and volunteer fire departments in wildland fire training for quicker and additional fire response<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utilize smoking and fire bans when fire danger conditions become hazardous<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Educate and inform public when fire danger rises throughout a fire season<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suppression and control<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Firefighter training<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adequate equipment and resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utilization of the incident command system<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pre-identified fire response staging areas and camp areas<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interagency and governmental cooperation and communication<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Government and \u00a0leader support<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proper emergency and evacuation plans<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flexibility to match the best firefighting strategies and tactics to a fire situation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Implementing proper airspace restrictions to safely execute aerial firefighting response<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Public outreach on closing roads, trails to better assist and safeguard firefighting personnel<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Post-fire Actions<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assess damage to resources e.g. streams, homes, campgrounds, trails<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Habitat and watershed damage assessment and protection<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Erosion control measures (e.g., native seeding, water bars)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Minimize exposure to invasive species<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Salvage logging operations if applicable<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A fire management plan should consider:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevention and hazard\/risk reduction efforts<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Firefighting preparedness<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Incident command<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Risk assessment<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evacuation plans<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Funding strategies<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><!-- Economic Considerations --><br \/>\n<div class=\"omsc-toggle\"><div class=\"omsc-toggle-title\">Economic Considerations<\/div><div class=\"omsc-toggle-inner\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fire suppression is expensive to taxpayers. In the past 30 years money spent by federal agencies nationwide on firefighting has increased from $2.5 million 1985 to well over $2 billion in 2015.<a href=\"#ref\">[5]<\/a> With climate change and expected increase in temperatures and drought periods, fires suppression costs are projected to rise. In Utah, fire suppression costs averaged $33.4 million per year during the 10-year period of 2003\u20132012.[6] One area of major concern is the wildland-urban interface. As development in this interface continues, firefighting costs will increase.<a href=\"#ref\">[6]<\/a> Below is an outline of different costs related to wildfires. Also, true wildfire suppression costs in the Western United States can be found in this<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blm.gov\/or\/districts\/roseburg\/plans\/collab_forestry\/files\/TrueCostOfWilfire.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provided by the US Bureau of Land Management.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Two datasets can be used to identify areas of the county where fires are more likely to occur and more likely to have a greater impacts: the Fire Risk data and the Fire Regime Group data. Use this <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.landfire.gov\/downloadfile_dd.php?file=frg.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fire regime data dictionary<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to help you understand the fire regime groups.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/utwrapwebdev.timmons.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Wildfire Risk Assessment Portal<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is an online tool being developed by the Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands. This tool contains a public viewer and a professional viewer, and both are free to use. This application is valuable for determining wildland fire risk and potential impacts of fires around the state. Another great information resource is the attached linked<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.arcgis.com\/home\/webmap\/viewer.html?webmap=1344a0880bb1444baf7332b58e7276fb&amp;extent=-116.8964,36.1207,-106.1298,42.812\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> map<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/ffsl.utah.gov\/images\/Fire\/wui\/2013CARsFinalList.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pdf<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0which shows and lists Utah\u2019s communities at risk of wildland fires.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The total cost of fire suppression is only a fraction of the true costs associated with a wildfire event. Wildfires that do occur impose serious costs. Some of the costs associated with wildfire suppression include the direct costs (resources and structures burned), rehabilitation costs (post-fire floods and land restoration), indirect costs (lost sales and county taxes), and additional costs (loss of life and damage to public health). A synthesis of case studies reveal a range of total wildfire costs anywhere from 2 to 30 times greater than the reported suppression costs.<a href=\"#ref\">[7]<\/a> Factors involving costs include:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pre-suppression:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Public firewise outreach news, radio, television advertisement<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Funds to assist landowners with defensible space projects<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WUI-fuel breaks<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Training for county \/ municipal fire departments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Municipal department brush\/wildland capable engines<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wildland firefighting equipment caches<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suppression Response:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Firefighting resources and personnel<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aviation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fire crews<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Engines<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overhead<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Camp crews (catering, supplies, shower services, fuel services)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Operation of incident command posts (e.g., schools, county fairgrounds)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Local first responders (county, municipal fire department)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sheriff and police resources for evacuations, traffic control, road closure enforcement<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disruption to local services<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of revenue due to closed recreation areas on businesses and local tax base<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of timber resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Damage to utility lines<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aid to evacuated citizens<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Post Fire<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Land rehabilitation costs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Watershed rehabilitation costs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trails and facility repairs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Damages to homes, buildings, property, insurance costs<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><!-- Impact Considerations --><br \/>\n<div class=\"omsc-toggle\"><div class=\"omsc-toggle-title\">Impact Considerations<\/div><div class=\"omsc-toggle-inner\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wildfires can have a major impact on life, property, and natural resources. In most instances, wildland fires serve beneficial ecosystem services and are part of the natural cycle of healthy landscapes. Prescribed fire has been an effective tool used by natural resource managers to offset the ecological unbalance following past fire suppression policies enacted during the early twentieth century.<a href=\"#ref\">[8]<\/a> The benefits derived from fire can be overshadowed when life and property are in close proximity to a fire. Below is an outline of some of the broad impacts of fire from a beneficial and disadvantageous standpoint.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Benefits:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fuel reduction<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Periodic fire can create conditions leaving areas less prone to large destructive future fires<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Habitat improvement<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Removes sick, diseased, and unhealthy trees<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Removes invasive plants<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Soil nutrient recycling<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Creates forest openings for the next generation of trees or rangeland plants<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stimulates new growth<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintains ecological balance<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promotes biological diversity<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negative consequences:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Potential loss of life<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Potential loss of property<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smoke and air quality issues<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Affects visibility<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Health issues<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disrupt local or regional air traffic<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suppression costs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Erosion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Degrade water quality<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Force recreational closing of trails, campsites<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Creates an avenue for invasive species to spread<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of timber lands<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Further Impact Considerations<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fire impacts can be viewed beyond an overall positive or negative perspective, but from a geographical area context as well. In northern Utah this can be expressed between fires in wildland urban interface versus fires in rural areas. Each has their own unique considerations as listed below.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wildland Urban Interface:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High density of structures both residences and outbuildings<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Higher density of utilities that could be impacted<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More complex evacuations procedures<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concentrated air quality issues and effects<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Wildland-Urban Interface data can be used to identify areas of the county with more complex fire management issues because of the wildland-urban interface.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rural Areas:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Access and time for first responders to arrive<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grazing land impacts<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disruption of sheep, cattle, and other livestock operations<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of valuable grazing lands<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><!-- Data Table --><br \/>\n<div class=\"omsc-toggle\"><div class=\"omsc-toggle-title\">Data Download<\/div><div class=\"omsc-toggle-inner\">\n<div class=\"download-icons\">\u00a0<span class=\"wp-svg-stack stack\"><\/span> GIS Data <span class=\"wp-svg-target target\"><\/span> Map Service <span class=\"wp-svg-screen screen\"><\/span> Web Map <span class=\"wp-svg-file file\"><\/span> Document\u00a0<span class=\"wp-svg-table table\"><\/span> Tabular Data\u00a0<span class=\"wp-svg-globe globe\"><\/span> Website<\/div>\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-40\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-40\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">Data Name<\/th><th class=\"column-2\">Data Explanation<\/th><th class=\"column-3\">Publication Date<\/th><th class=\"column-4\">Spatial Accuracy<\/th><th class=\"column-5\">Contact<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Fire History of Utah<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/maps.ffsl.utah.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/Fire\/FireHistory\/MapServer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-target target\"><\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Shows all past burn locations (points) and burn areas (polygons) for the entire state<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ffsl.utah.gov\/index.php\/fire\" target=\"_blank\">Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">BehavePlus<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frames.gov\/partner-sites\/behaveplus\/home\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-globe globe\"><\/span><\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Wildfire Behavior Modeling Program<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">2013<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.firelab.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">United States Forest Service Fire Lab<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Communities at Risk list<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/ffsl.utah.gov\/images\/Fire\/wui\/2013CARsFinalList.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-table table\"><\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Use to determine the risk of a community to wildland fire<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">2013<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ffsl.utah.gov\/index.php\/fire\" target=\"_blank\">Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Utah Wildfire Risk Index<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/maps.ffsl.utah.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/Fire\/FireRiskIndex\/MapServer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-target target\"><\/span><\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">An index with greater risk areas shown in darker red colors<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ffsl.utah.gov\/index.php\/fire\" target=\"_blank\">Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Wildland Urban Interface Data (WUI)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/headwaterseconomics.org\/dataviz\/wui-development-and-wildfire-costs\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-globe globe\"><\/span><\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Basic Wildland Urban Interface development map<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">2016<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/headwaterseconomics.org\/\" target=\"_blank\"> Headwaters Economic Organization<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Wildfire Risk Assessment Portal<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/utwrapwebdev.timmons.com\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-globe globe\"><\/span><\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">An online tool with many data layers for risk and impact assessments<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">2016<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ffsl.utah.gov\/index.php\/fire\" target=\"_blank\">Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-8\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">LANDFIRE Fire Regime Groups, us_130frg<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/landfire.cr.usgs.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/Landfire\/US_130\/MapServer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-target target\"><\/span><\/a>  , <a href=\"http:\/\/landfire.cr.usgs.gov\/viewer\/viewer.html?bbox=-113.61414163349,37.1513814339416,-109.190343729101,42.6143570729448\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-screen screen\"><\/span><\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Data name; \u201cus_130frg\u201d Use to identify natural fire return intervals for a landscape<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">2012<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Delivered as 30 meter pixels but should not be used as individual pixel or as small groups of pixels<\/td><td class=\"column-5\">Wildland Fire Science, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey<a href=\"http:\/\/landfire.cr.usgs.gov\/index.php\" target=\"_blank\"> LANDFIRE website<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-9\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">GeoMAC Wildland Fire Support<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/wildfire.cr.usgs.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/firehistory\/Mapserver\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-target target\"><\/span><\/a> , <a href=\"http:\/\/wildfire.usgs.gov\/geomac\/viewer\/viewer.shtml\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-screen screen\"><\/span><\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Map viewer displaying current and historic fires<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">Live Data<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/wildfire.usgs.gov\/geomac\/help.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">USGS Geospatial Multi-Agency Coordination<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-10\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Wildland Urban Interface (WUI)<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/wildfire.cr.usgs.gov\/arcgis\/rest\/services\/firehistory\/Mapserver\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"wp-svg-target target\"><\/span><\/a><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Showing wildland-urban interface areas<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">Unknown<\/td><td class=\"column-5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/gec.cr.usgs.gov\/envchg.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-40 from cache -->\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>References<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ref\"><\/div>\n<p><!-- References --><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Interagency Fire Center. 2016. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nifc.gov\/fireInfo\/fireInfo_statistics.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Report of Wildland Fires and Acres Burned by State<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Accessed January 8, 2016. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U.S. Forest Service. 2016. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fs.fed.us\/fire\/management\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wildland Fire Touches Every Part of the Nation.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Managing Wildland Fires. Accessed February 6, 2016. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utah Department of Natural Resources, Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, &amp; State Lands. 2015. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/le.utah.gov\/interim\/2015\/pdf\/00005301.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utah Wildland Fire Policy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Accessed: 2\/22\/16.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Utah Department of Natural Resources, Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, &amp; State Lands. 2013. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fs.usda.gov\/Internet\/FSE_DOCUMENTS\/stelprdb5409791.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Master Cooperative Wildland Fire Management and Stafford Act Response Agreement<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Interagency Fire Center. 2015. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nifc.gov\/fireInfo\/fireInfo_documents\/SuppCosts.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Federal Firefighting Costs (Suppression Only)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Accessed January 8, 2016.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">University of Utah, Bureau of Economic and Business Research. 2014. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/publiclands.utah.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/1.%20Land%20Transfer%20Analysis%20Final%20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An Analysis of a Transfer of Federal Lands to the State of Utah<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. A report prepared for the Utah Governor\u2019s Public Lands Policy Coordination Office. November.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Western Forestry Leadership Coalition. 2010. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wflccenter.org\/news_pdf\/324_pdf.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The True Cost of Wildfire in the Western U.S.<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Interagency Fire Center. 2001. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20070810191055\/http:\/\/www.nifc.gov\/fire_policy\/docs\/chp1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Review and Update of the 1995 Federal Wildland Fire Management Policy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, National Park Service, U.S. Forest Service.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Wildfire is the most prevalent natural disturbance in the State of Utah, and it affects biotic communities statewide. It is an integral component of our forest, range, and desert lands and affects thousands of acres on an annual basis. Related &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/fire-management\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"resources_page.php","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-58","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":203,"href":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58\/revisions\/203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wfrc.org\/new_wfrc\/crmp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}